..., osteopenia, sarcopenia, frailty, and premature death. Klotho protein functions as the obligate co-receptor for fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23), a bone-derived hormone that promotes urinary phosphate excretion in response to phosphate intake. Thus, Klotho-deficient mice suffer not only from accelerated...

... to correct traditional risk factors are only partly able to attenuate this risk, underlining the urge to identify novel treatment targets. Emerging data point towards a role for disturbances in phosphate metabolism in diabetes. In this review, we discuss the role of phosphate and the phosphate-regulating...

...), but the complex signaling events inducing pro-calcific pathways are incompletely understood. The present study investigated the role of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM)/ceramide as regulator of VSMC calcification. In vitro , both, bacterial sphingomyelinase and phosphate increased ceramide levels in VSMCs. Bacterial...

...Jakob Voelkl; Daniela Egli-Spichtig; Ioana Alesutan; Carsten A. Wagner Dietary habits in the western world lead to increasing phosphate intake. Under physiological conditions, extraosseous precipitation of phosphate with calcium is prevented by a mineral buffering system composed of calcification...

... In chronic kidney disease patients, high phosphate (HP) levels are associated with cardiovascular disease, the major cause of morbidity and mortality. Since serum phosphate has been independently correlated with inflammation, the present study aimed to investigate an independent direct effect of HP as a pro...

...M. PALEOLOGOS; E. STONE; S. BRAUDE Hyperventilation (HV) and respiratory alkalosis are associated with hypophosphataemia, although the extent and duration of HV required to produce changes in serum phosphate levels are not known. We sought to characterize the effects of HV, with or without dextrose...

...) infections. Six prospectively studied patients were hypocalcaemic during treatment; simultaneous serum intact parathormone concentrations were inappropriately low (< 5.0 pmol/l), but rose in three patients to high levels (11.8–16.4 pmol/l) on the fifth day. 3. Plasma phosphate concentration was decreased...

... of the same subjects, pH rose by 0.046 ± 0.005 unit/h ( P < 0.001). 4. In the clamp studies, intracellular inorganic phosphate concentration rose by 18%/h, whereas ATP, phosphocreatine and phosphomonoester concentrations did not change. In plasma, inorganic phosphate concentration was 1.16 ± 0.05 mmol/l...

... of blood pressure reduction upon the metabolic indices with adjustment for the effects of the different antihypertensive agents. 3. Propranolol treatment increased the plasma ionized calcium and serum phosphate concentrations, and reduced the serum levels of parathyroid hormone, free fatty acids...

...E. V. McCloskey; A. J. P. Yates; R. E. S. Gray; N. A. T. Hamdy; J. Galloway; J. A. Kanis 1. The effects of three intravenous diphosphonates (etidronate, clodronate and aminohexane diphosphonate) on phosphate homoeostasis were studied in 30 patients with Paget's disease of bone and in three patients...

... major hydrolysis of organic phosphates, that it takes account of incomplete recovery of P i and that it minimizes the effects of chilling the cells. 2. In chilled samples from 46 patients in an intensive care unit, the cellular concentration of P i was proportional to that in plasma. 3. Blood samples...

...R. Smith; R. J. Newman; G. K. Radda; M. Stokes; A. Young 1. A patient with familial adult-onset hypophosphataemia, whose myopathy was closely related to the plasma phosphate concentration, was investigated by phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 31 P n.m.r.) in vivo of the right...

...R.C. Mühlbauer; J.-P. Bonjour; H. Fleisch 1. It has been suggested that a dominant mutation in the mouse is a suitable model for the most frequent form of human vitamin D-resistant rickets, X-linked hypophosphataemia. The mutant mice have reduced tubular reabsorption of phosphate, hypophosphataemia...

... to a decrease in the net tubular reabsorption of phosphate. 2. In the present work the tubular response to EHDP (0.16 mmol/kg body wt.) injected subcutaneously for 9 days has been localized by free-flow micropuncture in thyroparathyroidectomized rats. 3. The results show that the net tubular reabsorption...

...J. Walton; T. K. Gray 1. Intestinal phosphate absorption in human subjects was studied by the technique of triple lumen intestinal perfusion in vivo. 2. Ileal phosphate absorption increased as the intraluminal phosphate concentration was increased. 3. Ileal rates of phosphate absorption were lower...

...P. E. De Jong; L. T. W. De Jong-Van Den Berg; L. W. Statius Van Eps 1. In a series of patients with sickle-cell anaemia, serum phosphate and magnesium concentrations were elevated. Serum calcium concentrations were normal. Urinary excretion of calcium was decreased. 2. The maximum tubular...

... this dose of EHDP daily for 12 months and seven were then studied for a further 12 months under placebo. During treatment with EHDP, inhibitory activity in urine towards precipitation of calcium phosphate was restored from low values to greatly above normal. This could be accounted for by the inhibitory...

...-blood affinity for oxygen was slightly decreased, as measured by an increase in P 50 (the partial pressure of oxygen necessary to half saturate haemoglobin). 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate was increased by 10% ( P < 0·10) whereas P 1 , total erythrocyte phosphate and ATP were increased by 100%, 47% and 36...

...R. G. G. Russell; Sylvia Bisaz; H. Fleisch 1. The urinary excretion of inorganic pyrophosphate (PP 1 ), a known inhibitor of the growth and aggregation of crystals of calcium phosphate and calcium oxalate, increases after ingestion of orthophosphate (P 1 ). This effect may contribute...

..., phosphate, creatinine and magnesium were related to the time of year when the urine was collected, and the saturation of urine with calcium oxalate and octocalcium phosphate calculated for each month. 3. There were significant seasonal variations in the urinary excretion of calcium and oxalate, each showing...

...M. Kaye 1. The direct effect of calcium on the hyperparathyroidism of chronic renal failure was studied in rats with induced chronic renal failure, who were fed on a diet low in phosphate and who received supplemental phosphate by injection. They were given a normal (0·8%), or low (0·1%) or high (1...

...R. J. Walton; R. G. G. Russell; R. Smith 1. The diphosphonate, disodium etidronate (disodium ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate; EHDP), is known to increase plasma inorganic phosphate in man. The present study examines the mechanism of this effect. 2. When EHDP was given by mouth at a dose of 80...

...Jenifer Jowsey; P. Balasubramaniam 1. The short- and long-term effects of oral phosphate supplements were studied in two groups of adult rabbits. 2. In the short-term study, compared with control animals, the bones of phosphate-supplemented rabbits showed a greater degree of porosity, and defects...