... analysis, the responsible changes are specific to certain organs or tissues that have to be biopsied, which is not easy in clinical settings. In contrast, ncRNA can be extracted from circulating blood and urine samples. Such markers in rodent models can be translated into humans for the diagnosis...

... risk factor. At the same time, different rodent models of DN have been described without and with documented hyperfiltration. In the present review, the importance of hyperfiltration is reassessed, reviewing key clinical and research studies, including the first single nephron studies in a mouse model...