... include those associated with an increase in urinary levels of calcium, oxalate and phosphate. Under these conditions, urine concentration and supersaturation leads to calcium crystal precipitation, which may be an intratubular event or initiate within the renal interstitium. The focus of discussion...

...David E. FLEMING; Wilhelm VAN BRONSWIJK; Rosemary Lyons RYALL To assess the binding of individual amino acids to the principal calcium minerals found in human kidney stones, the adsorption of 20 amino acids on to calcium oxalate monohydrate, CaHPO 4 .2H 2 O, Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 and Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 OH...

...Caroline DEAN; Jerry KANELLOS; Hung PHAM; Maria GOMES; Adrian OATES; Phulwinder GROVER; Rosemary RYALL The bikunin peptide chain of the protease inhibitor inter-α-inhibitor (∣α∣) has been reported to be an inhibitor of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystallization, and hence has been proposed as having...

... crystallization kinetics occur in unseeded urine when supersaturation exceeds the metastable limit and that aggregation during the initial phase of crystallization does not significantly contribute to changes in turbidity. Metastable limits of urine from healthy volunteers corresponded to a calcium oxalate...

... excretion, questioning its use in hypercalciuric stone-forming patients. In addition, calcium restriction has been previously demonstrated to induce other urinary changes which might influence the relative supersaturation of calcium oxalate. So the overall effect of calcium deprivation on the relative...

... and were separated by a 20 day washout interval. Blood and urine chemistries, including intact parathyroid hormone, calcitriol and two markers of bone resorption, were performed at the end of each study period. The stone-forming risk was assessed by calculating urine saturation with calcium oxalate (βCaOx...

...Rosemary L. Ryall; Phulwinder K. Grover; Alan M. F. Stapleton; Dianne K. Barrell; Yulu Tang; Robert L. Moritz; Richard J. Simpson 1. The urinary F1 activation peptide of prothrombin is the predominant protein incorporated into calcium oxalate crystals precipitated from human urine. The aim...

.... 2. Serum concentrations were measured pre- and post-dialysis at the end of each study period. The whole dialysate was used for the determination of the overall calcium and oxalate removal by dialysis. The degree of saturation with calcium oxalate mono-hydrate was estimated by a computer program...

... to assay for nucleation-promoting and growth-inhibiting activities towards crystallization of urinary calcium oxalate. When compared at the same uronic acid concentration, both the urinary chondroitin sulphate isomers and heparan sulphates of stone formers demonstrated the capacity to enhance crystal...

...B. Fellström; U. Backman; B. G. Danielson; K. Holmgren; S. Ljunghall; B. WikströM 1. Freshly voided urine from healthy subjects was pooled and ultrafiltered (10 000 daltons). The ultrafiltrable and the macromolecular portions were preincubated with calcium oxalate, uric acid and sodium urate...

... oxalate crystals measured either by semi-quantitative microscopy or fully quantitative radioisotope techniques. 3. Increase of urinary urate did not increase the calcium oxalate crystals formed and may even have had an opposite effect. 4. Allantoin was without significant effect upon calcium oxalate...

... to standard osmolality the calcium oxalate crystals were measured by microscopy and isotopic methods 3. There was a clear inverse correlation between magnesium concentration and calcium oxalate crystal formation 4. The case for treating calcium oxalate urolithiasis with magnesium is strengthened. 8 5...

...J. L. Meyer; J. H. Bergert; L. H. Smith Chemical kinetic data, complemented with scanning electron-microscope observations of the crystalline phase, show that seed crystals of hydroxyapatite have the ability to induce the growth of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals epitaxially from a metastable...

...D. Fraser; R. G. G. Russell; Ortrun Pohler; W. G. Robertson; H. Fleisch 1. Bladder stones composed of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, calcium oxalate mono- and di-hydrate and magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate (struvite) were successfully induced in rats by various dietary manipulations...