... features of WM changes in SVDs. The most widely held view is that SVD-associated WM lesions are caused by chronic hypoperfusion, impaired cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) or blood–brain barrier (BBB) leakage. Here, we assess the arguments for and against each of these mechanisms based on population...

... the complex interaction of multiple control systems. Cerebral autoregulation, a homoeostatic mechanism that serves to maintain CBF relatively constant over a wide range of perfusion pressures, and CVR CO 2 (cerebrovascular reactivity to changes in CO 2 ) are considered primary inputs that ultimately serve...

... of haemoglobin. 2. We evaluated the most relevant factors (reproducibility, venous return, age and sex) that might affect reliability of near-IR spectroscopy to test CO 2 cerebrovascular reactivity. 3. Thirty-four healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. The protocol consisted of a 3-min baseline, a 3-min...