... dementias. However, few genes and mechanisms have been identified. 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) is a potent vasoconstrictor that plays a complex role in hypertension, autoregulation of cerebral blood flow and blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Multiple human genome-wide association studies...

.... Quinn; Rikesh Rajani; Lisa M. Saksida; Colin Smith; Kenneth J. Smith; Rhian M. Touyz; Rebecca C. Trueman; Tao Wang; Anna Williams; Steven C.R. Williams; Lorraine M. Work Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a major contributor to stroke, cognitive impairment and dementia with limited therapeutic...

... and neurotoxins as well as meeting the metabolic demands of neural activity. Recent evidence of cerebral microvascular pathologies in vascular diseases and dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease, has challenged the notion that vascular events are merely the consequence of neuronal pathology. This review focuses...

...Jessica Duncombe; Akihiro Kitamura; Yoshiki Hase; Masafumi Ihara; Raj N. Kalaria; Karen Horsburgh Increasing evidence suggests that vascular risk factors contribute to neurodegeneration, cognitive impairment and dementia. While there is considerable overlap between features of vascular cognitive...

... was detected in a larger cohort of hemodialysis patients. Concerning the underlying pathogenesis of cognitive impairment, current results revealed a potential involvement of arterial stiffness, which has to be further evaluated in future studies. arterial stiffness cognitive impairment dementia dialysis...

...Eric E. Smith Cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases cause vascular brain injury that can lead to vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). VCI is the second most common neuropathology of dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), accounting for up to one-third of the population risk...

...Paul B. Wren; Derek Hill; Andrew Lockhart Despite recent advances in basic and clinical science, dementia remains an area of high unmet medical need. The role of cerebrovascular mechanisms in the pathogenesis and progression of cognitive and functional impairment in dementia is being revived...

...Terence J. Quinn; Jenny McCleery In this issue of Clinical Science , Biesbroek and colleagues describe recent work on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based cerebral lesion location and its association with cognitive decline. The authors conclude that diagnostic neuroimaging in dementia should...

... © 2017 The Author(s). published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society 2017 dementia lacunes lesion location small vessel disease strategic brain infarcts white matter hyperintensities • Cerebral SVD is an important cause of cognitive impairment...

...Rikesh M. Rajani; Anna Williams Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a prevalent, neurological disease that significantly increases the risk of stroke and dementia. The main pathological changes are vascular, in the form of lipohyalinosis and arteriosclerosis, and in the white matter (WM...

...Tongguang Wang; Jeffrey A. Rumbaugh; Avindra Nath Many viruses cause encephalitis, but understanding the mechanisms by which viral infection leads to encephalopathy or dementia remain elusive. In many cases, inflammation generated by the host's attempt to combat the infection is itself implicated...