... exosomes. Here we investigated whether placental exosomes in GDM carry a specific set of miRNAs associated with skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity. Exosomes were isolated from chorionic villous (CV) explants from both women with Normal Glucose Tolerant (NGT) and GDM pregnancies. Using miRNA sequencing, we...

... to determine whether increased postprandial glucose and insulin levels are maintained upon chronic exposure, and if and how these changes affect the host's metabolism. dietary fibres fat oxidation gut microbiota insulin sensitivity PYY The gut microbiota collectively represents around 40...

... with or without Type 2 diabetes mellitus with n3PUFA has been demonstrated to increase glucose oxidation compared with oleic acid [ 4 ]. Studies in human myotubes have also suggested that n3PUFA improve insulin sensitivity by diverting fatty acids away from mitochondrial β-oxidation towards cellular lipid...

... in a cohort of young adults (mean age 22 years) and their siblings participating in a longitudinal study of cardiovascular risk ( n =370). Insulin sensitivity was determined by euglycaemic insulin clamp. EDD (endothelium-dependent dilation) was determined by flow-mediated dilation using high-resolution...

... concurrently. Statin intake may blunt mitochondrial function and the adaptive response to exercise training. Thus combining exercise training with statin administration may have adverse effects. We examined whether improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors, insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial function...

... infusion rates during a hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic clamp (M-value). The aim of the present study was to explore how IMCL levels relate to the insulin-mediated suppression of endogenous glucose production [hepatic S I (insulin sensitivity)] and increase in glucose disposal (peripheral S I...

...Matthew D. Hordern; Louise M. Cooney; Elaine M. Beller; Johannes B. Prins; Thomas H. Marwick; Jeff S. Coombes The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of a 4-week exercise training intervention on blood glucose, insulin sensitivity, BMI (body mass index) and cardiorespiratory...

...Faidon Magkos; Yannis Tsekouras; Stavros A. Kavouras; Bettina Mittendorfer; Labros S. Sidossis A single bout of moderate-intensity exercise increases whole-body insulin sensitivity for 12–48 h post-exercise; however, the relationship between exercise energy expenditure and the improvement...

...Robert Hägerkvist; Leif Jansson; Nils Welsh The aim of the present study was to investigate whether imatinib affects insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal in HF (high-fat)-fed rats. Sprague–Dawley rats were fed either a standard pelleted rat food (low-fat diet) or an HF diet (60% fat) for 8...

...Raymond R. Townsend; Shiv Kapoor; Christopher B. McFadden The literature on salt intake and insulin sensitivity presents a mixed picture, as some studies have shown an increase, whereas others have shown a decrease, in insulin action as sodium intake is enhanced. In some cases, this may relate...

...Umberto Morbiducci; Giacomo Di Benedetto; Alexandra Kautzky-Willer; Giovanni Pacini; Andrea Tura Minimal model analysis of glucose and insulin data from an IVGTT (intravenous glucose tolerance test) is widely used to estimate insulin sensitivity; however, the use of the model often requires...

... 8 2005 10 8 2005 The Biochemical Society 2005 diabetes glucose effectiveness insulin sensitivity intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) minimal model stable isotope Interpretation of the IVGTT (intravenous glucose tolerance test) by the minimal model of glucose...

...L. W. E. SABELIS; P. J. SENDEN; B. C. M. TE BOEKHORST; H. J. HULZEBOS; A. VAN DE WIEL; T. W. VAN HAEFTEN; M. L. ZONDERLAND; W. L. MOSTERD To determine the effect of training on insulin sensitivity (IS) and how this relates to peak V O 2 (peak oxygen uptake) in CHF (chronic heart failure), 77 CHF...

...Ian F. GODSLAND After more than 20 years, minimal model analysis of intravenous glucose tolerance test glucose and insulin concentrations continues to be widely employed in studies of insulin sensitivity and insulin resistance. Moreover, problems encountered in solving the minimal model equations...

...Olorunsola F. AGBAJE; Stephen D. LUZIO; Ahmed I. S. ALBARRAK; David J. LUNN; David R. OWENS; Roman HOVORKA We adopted Bayesian analysis in combination with hierarchical (population) modelling to estimate simultaneously population and individual insulin sensitivity ( S I ) and glucose effectiveness...

...Jason M.R. GILL; Sara L. HERD; Natassa V. TSETSONIS; Adrianne E. HARDMAN Moderate exercise improves insulin sensitivity and reduces triacylglycerol (triglyceride; TG) concentrations. We hypothesized that changes in insulin sensitivity are an important determinant of exercise-induced changes...

...M. FOO; A. E. DENVER; S. W. COPPACK; J. S. YUDKIN 1. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of high (220 ;mmol/day) and low (40 ;mmol/day) salt intake for 6 days on blood pressure, leg blood flow and insulin sensitivity in 18 ;healthy normotensive subjects. 2. Twenty-four-hour...

...R. Butler; A.D. Morris; A. D. Struthers 1. Recent evidence shows that skeletal muscle blood flow is an important determinant of insulin sensitivity and that insulin-mediated vasodilatation is nitric oxide dependent. These results have given rise to the hypothesis that endothelial nitric oxide...

.... The results suggest that intraperitoneal insulin, while resulting in better glycaemic control and improved insulin sensitivity than subcutaneous insulin, increases serum triacylglycerol and total cholesterol and reduces high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, possibly via a direct effect on the liver. 21...

... 2 diabetes, serum butyrylcholinesterase activity was correlated with log serum fasting triacylglycerol concentration ( r = 0.41 and r = 0.43, respectively, P <0.001). In the type 2 population serum butyrylcholinesterase activity was also correlated with insulin sensitivity ( r = −0.51, P...

... insulin sensitivity. However, these results may also be related to the confounding effect of increased non-insulin-mediated glucose uptake in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, which will result in an erroneously presumed increased insulin sensitivity. To study the contribution of non-insulin-mediated...

... oxidation and forearm alanine exchange provide support for the operation of the glucose—fatty acid cycle. 29 1 1990 20 3 1990 28 3 1990 © 1990 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society 1990 forearm metabolism glucose-fatty acid cycle insulin sensitivity non...

... = −0.64, P < 0.01) and to basal triglyceride concentration ( r = −0.69, P < 0.005), but directly to insulin sensitivity ( r = +0.48, P < 0.05), and was unrelated to plasma free fatty acid concentration. 3. Since insulin sensitivity was also related to body mass index and basal triglyceride level...