...Erin B. Taylor Dysregulation of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation has been shown to mediate disease pathology in multiple viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2. At the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, Thierry and Roch wrote a perspective on the mechanisms by which severe SARS-CoV-2...

... complexes of mucins. All LTS displayed an enhanced (median) level of MUC5AC compared with HNS. LTS− displayed a higher level of large MUC5AC complexes than HNS while LTS+ displayed a similar trend. In all LTS, total MUC5AC correlated with blood leukocytes, BAL neutrophil elastase and net gelatinase activity...

...Suchita Nadkarni; Hazem Lashin; Jane Hollywood; Bhaskar Dasgupta; Justin C. Mason; Mauro Perretti We have reported the existence of a distinct neutrophil phenotype in giant cell arteritis (GCA) patients arising at week 24 of steroid treatment. In the present study, we investigated whether...

... that initiates and drives the long-term progression of disease. In particular, there are no effective therapeutics that target neutrophilic inflammation in COPD, which is known to cause tissue damage by degranulation of a suite of proteolytic enzymes including neutrophil elastase (NE). Matrine, an alkaloid...

...Yujie Wang; Man Jia; Xiaoyi Yan; Limin Cao; Peter J. Barnes; Ian M. Adcock; Mao Huang; Xin Yao Airway remodelling is an important component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) from neutrophils may drive COPD epithelial–mesenchymal...

...-treated wounds, the pattern of neutrophil inflammatory response suggests faster clearing of the burned dead tissue. We also observe faster resolution of the pro-inflammatory macrophages. We also found that insulin stimulates collagen deposition and maturation with the fibres organized more like a basket...

...M. NYS; G. DEBY-DUPONT; Y. HABRAKEN; S. LEGRAND-POELS; D. LEDOUX; J.-L. CANIVET; P. DAMAS; M. LAMY In bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from ventilated patients, cytotoxic oxidant activity is correlated with neutrophil activation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the hypothesis...

...), soluble E-selectin and C-reactive protein, and neutrophil and monocyte CD11b expression] and routine blood cell counts in 20 patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome and positive blood culture. Eight patients with shock due to community-acquired infection developed OF, whereas 11 normotensive...

..., but not glutamine, was able to counteract the DEX effect on TNFα secretion. Glutamine, arginine and OKG supplementation increased H 2 O 2 production by monocytes and polymorphonuclear neutrophils from DEX-treated rats. All DEX-treated rats showed plasma and muscle glutamine depletion and also a decrease...

...-investigated topic. The present study has addressed the effects of adrenaline on the rates of utilization and oxidation of glucose and glutamine, the phagocytic capacity and the rate of superoxide production by rat neutrophils. Incubation of rat neutrophils in the presence of 50 µ M adrenaline caused a marked...

...Mr S. M. Plusa; N. Webster; J. N. Primrose 1. Total parenteral nutrition is associated with a high incidence of septic complications. This may be partly due to neutrophil dysfunction induced by the parenteral nutrition. 2. Neutrophil adhesion molecule expression and the expression of CD11b...

... with exposure to air, in non-asthmatic as well as asthmatic subjects. These physiological changes were accompanied by a significant rise in the percentage of neutrophils in induced sputum ( P < 0.02). All changes had returned to baseline values 1 week after exposure to ozone. 5. Exposure to ozone causes...

...Tomasz Siminiak; Robin M. Egdell; Daniel J. O'Gorman; Julian F. Dye; Desmond J. Sheridan 1. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils are involved in the development of myocardial injury during ischaemia through the release of free oxygen radicals and by adhesion of activated polymorphonuclear neutrophils...

...Christine Fagny; Arnaud Marchant; Eric De Prez; Michel Goldman; Monique Deschodt-Lanckman 1. As lipopolysaccharide is a major stimulator of neutrophil responses during Gram-negative bacterial infections, we studied its effect on the membrane expression of neutral endopeptidase 24.11/CD10...

...Luciano Ottonello; Patrizia Dapino; Maria C. Scirocco; Alessandro Balbi; Maurizio Bevilacqua; Franco Dallegri 1. It is well known that neutrophils act as mediators of tissue injury in a variety of inflammatory diseases. Their histotoxic activity is presently thought to involve proteinases...

...-activating factor production by leucocytes. To determine whether there are differences in acetyl-transferase activity between asthmatic patients and normal subjects, enzyme activity was assayed in neutrophil lysates from atopic asthmatic patients ( n = 20), aspirin-sensitive asthmatic patients ( n = 12...

... of the underlying mecha- nisms will be described, in particular the contri- bution to myocardial injury of neutrophils,- oxygen free radicals and complement factors. The concept of injured myocytes signalling their own destruction will be discussed, and an outline of possible therapy to augment the benefits...

... microbial organisms is not due to defective chemotaxis as measured here. 3. Purulent sputum solphase demonstrates chemotactic activity against control PMN. This activity is greater ( P < 0.001) than that found with mucoid sputum solphase, which is consistent with the neutrophil content of the secretions...

...Walter Zidek; Agapios Sachinidis; Claus Spieker; Walter Storkebaum 1. The effects of plasma fractions from essential hypertensive subjects ( n = 14) and normotensive subjects ( n = 14) on Ca 2+ transport in permeabilized human neutrophils was studied using an ion-selective electrode. 2. Plasma...

...Francesco Di Virgilio; Lorenzo Calò; Salvatore Cantaro; Silvana Favaro; Antonio Piccoli; Arturo Borsatti 1. Cytosolic free calcium concentrations ([a 2+ ] i ) were measured in resting and chemotactic peptide-activated neutrophils from eight patients with Bartter's syndrome and compared with levels...

...A. J. K. Williams; R. E. Barry 1. Rat liver membrane vesicles were exposed to acetaldehyde, with or without reduction of the resultant adducts formed. 2. Superoxide anion production and degranulation of rat neutrophils, upon stimulation with the liver membrane vesicles, were measured by cytochrome...

... in neutrophils from normo- and hyper-tensive subjects, by trapping the fluorescent calcium indicator quin2 in intact cells. 2. Ten patients with untreated essential hypertension were compared with 10 age- and sex-matched normotensive subjects. The levels of cytosolic free calcium and intracellular calcium stores...

... mecha- nisms against endogenous proteases. Key words: a-globulins, leucocytes, macroglobulins, neutrophils, trypsin, trypsin inhibitors. ( I ) Abbreviations: A2M. az-macroglobulin; AAT, al-anti- trypsin. Correspondence: Dr Kjell Ohlsson, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Malmo General Hospital, S-214 01...