.... With the advancement of the sequencing technology, it is revealed that the majority of our genome is non-coding. A growing body of literature demonstrates the critical role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as epigenetic regulators of gene expression. LncRNAs can regulate cellular biological processes through various...

.... 48 , 747 – 757 27213290 10.1038/ng.3568 21. Gupta R.A. , Shah N. , Wang K.C. , Kim J. , Horlings H.M. , Wong D.J. et al . ( 2010 ) Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR reprograms chromatin state to promote cancer metastasis . Nature 464 , 1071 – 1076...

... worldwide. Despite the benefits of exercise, the intricacies of their underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been recognized as a major regulatory network governing gene expression in several physiological processes and appeared as pivotal modulators...

... we consider that over 75% of the human genome is transcribed into RNA, but only approximately 2% of RNA is translated into known proteins. This raises the question as to what function the other so-called ‘non-coding RNAs’ (ncRNAs) are performing in the cell. Over the last decade, an enormous amount...

..., a novel class of non-coding RNA, microRNA (miRNA), have emerged as being important regulators of numerous biological functions. Among these functions are basic maintenance of cell signalling and tissue architecture. Disruption of miRNA levels can contribute not only to the development of the chronic...

... possibilities for cardiac regeneration. cardiac regeneration cardiovascular development cardiovascular disease congenital heart disease microRNA non-coding RNA Figure 2 Regulation of cardiac regeneration by miRNAs Activation of cardiomyocyte proliferation, stem/progenitor cell differentiation...

... and candidates for potential therapeutic intervention. We discuss the strategies that aim to develop novel therapies through modulating miRNA activity. In time, some of these approaches may become available to treat muscle-associated diseases. miRNAs are approximately 22-bp non-coding RNAs found in most cell...

.... Gene expression profiling based on mRNA has led to further refinement of the classification and diagnosis of cancer. More recently, miRNAs (microRNAs), among other small non-coding RNA molecules, have been discovered and found to be major players in cell biology. miRNAs, having both oncogenic...