... pancreatic β-cells. Fasting blood samples were collected from 50 older people [27 females and 23 males; 63.4±4.4 years of age; BMI (body mass index)=25.5±2.7 kg/m 2 ]. Plasma samples were analysed for eHSP72, insulin, TNF (tumour necrosis factor)-α, leptin, adiponectin and cortisol, and glycaemic and lipid...

...Henrik Ortsäter Saturated fatty acids are toxic to pancreatic β-cells. By inducing apoptosis, they contribute to a decrease in β-cell mass, a hallmark of Type 2 diabetes. In the present issue of Clinical Science , Keane and co-workers show that the polyunsaturated fatty acid arachidonic acid...

...Deirdre C. Keane; Hilton K. Takahashi; Shalinee Dhayal; Noel G. Morgan; Rui Curi; Philip Newsholme Chronic exposure of pancreatic β-cells to saturated non-esterified fatty acids can lead to inhibition of insulin secretion and apoptosis. Several previous studies have demonstrated that saturated...

...). Correspondence: Professor Philip Newsholme (email [email protected] ). 17 8 2009 6 10 2009 8 10 2009 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2010 Biochemical Society 2010 diabetes endothelial vascular cell exercise nitric oxide pancreatic β-cell reactive oxygen species (ROS...

... X-100/methyl alcohol (1:1, v/v) for the extraction of the lipids. TAG was determined using a commercial kit (Humana) and is expressed as μg/mg of protein. amino acid aspartate–glutamate carrier 1 (Aralar1) glucose insulin secretion malate–aspartate shuttle NADH pancreatic β-cell...

... 2008 14 8 2008 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Biochemical Society 2009 alanine amino acid insulin secretion intracellular calcium pancreatic β-cell pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) Insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells is tightly regulated by circulating...

... 6 2008 © The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Biochemical Society 2009 endoplasmic reticulum stress inflammation mitochondrion obesity pancreatic β-cell Type 2 diabetes T2DM (Type 2 diabetes mellitus) in the United States and around the world has reached epidemic...

...Philip Newsholme; Deirdre Keane; Hannah J. Welters; Noel G. Morgan Both stimulatory and detrimental effects of NEFAs (non-esterified fatty acids) on pancreatic β-cells have been recognized. Acute exposure of the pancreatic β-cell to high glucose concentrations and/or saturated NEFAs results...