... ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury, and congestion has been linked to worsened outcomes following IR. There is evidence implicating both male sex and preexisting hypertension as risk factors for poor outcomes following IR. The present study tested the hypothesis that male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR...

..., the renin–angiotensin system, oxidative stress, nitric oxide bioavailability and immune cells contribute to sex differences in blood pressure control in SHR. The purpose of this review is to summarize previous findings to date regarding the mechanisms of blood pressure control in male versus female SHR...

...) mitochondria in a sex-dependent fashion with a greater effect on male fetuses, although mitochondrial transcripts increased more so in females. Increased expression for several respiratory chain and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase proteins were observed. However, fetal LV mitochondrial complex I...

... as distinct. In this editorial, we provide an overview of mechanisms related to differences in vascular pathophysiology between men and women and explore the contributions of both sex and gender. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of global mortality in men and women [ 1...

.... Neutralization of HMGB1 attenuated IR-induced increases in plasma creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), inflammation, tubular damage and tubular cell death only in male SHR. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that there is a sex difference in the contribution of HMGB1 to IR-induced injury, where males exhibit...

... Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society 2018 asthma airway responsiveness hypoxia intrauterine growth restriction sex Although growth trajectories are to some degree established before birth, growth dynamics are subject to change and/or are potentially modifiable in the postnatal...

...-induced pathology in a sex-specific manner . Sci. Rep. 7 , 8241 25 Bogdarina I. , Welham S. , King P.J. , Burns S.P. and Clark A. J.L. ( 2007 ) Epigenetic modification of the renin-angiotensin system in the fetal programming of hypertension . Circ. Res. 100...

... revealed that both sexes had systolic dysfunction following MI surgery, independent of prenatal hypoxia. Male offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia, however, had left ventricular dilatation, global dysfunction, and signs of diastolic dysfunction following MI surgery as evident by increased left ventricular...

...; in contrast, human studies demonstrate no sex difference in mitochondrial bioenergetics and oxidative damage. These divergent observations highlight the importance of considering models and methods used to examine mitochondrial function, when interpreting these data. The use of either isolated or intact...

...Renée Ventura-Clapier; Maryline Moulin; Jérôme Piquereau; Christophe Lemaire; Mathias Mericskay; Vladimir Veksler; Anne Garnier It is increasingly acknowledged that a sex and gender specificity affects the occurrence, development, and consequence of a plethora of pathologies. Mitochondria...

...Maria Buoncervello; Matteo Marconi; Alessandra Carè; Paola Piscopo; Walter Malorni; Paola Matarrese The biology of sex differences deals with the study of the disparities between females and males and the related biological mechanisms. Gender medicine focuses on the impact of gender and sex...

...Lea Gaignebet; Georgios Kararigas Frequently, pharmacomechanisms are not fully elucidated. Therefore, drug use is linked to an elevated interindividual diversity of effects, whether therapeutic or adverse, and the role of biological sex has as yet unrecognized and underestimated consequences...

... socio-economic (gender) and biological (sex) factors. Several studies have shown that women are more susceptible to HIV-1 acquisition than men. Following HIV-1 infection, women have lower viral loads during acute infection and exhibit stronger antiviral responses than men, which may contribute...

...Gabriela Cobo; Manfred Hecking; Friedrich K. Port; Isabella Exner; Bengt Lindholm; Peter Stenvinkel; Juan Jesús Carrero Sex and gender differences are of fundamental importance in most diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). Men and women with CKD differ with regard to the underlying...

...Meredith Hay Hypertension is a major contributor to worldwide morbidity and mortality rates related to cardiovascular disease. There are important sex differences in the onset and rate of hypertension in humans. Compared with age-matched men, premenopausal women are less likely to develop...

...Marianne J. Legato This article is intended to illuminate several important changes in our concept of gender-specific medicine in the genomic era. It reviews the history of gender-specific medicine, pointing out the changes in our perception of the nature of biological sex and our expanding...

... with disease progression. Sex differences are observed in many aspects of mammalian cardiovascular function and pathology. Hypertension, as well as other cardiovascular diseases, is more common in men than in women of similar age. In experimental models of hypertension, males develop an earlier and more severe...

... or aerobic capacity, and (ii) despite higher plasma noradrenaline concentrations during submaximal exercise, no gender differences in free fatty acid appearance rate or fat oxidation were found. These results suggest a sex dimorphism in post-absorptive fat metabolism in the elderly. Correspondence : Dr...

... arterial pressure and pulse pressure respectively, in a sex-specific manner. 2. A cohort of 299 subjects (152 males, 147 females; 25–80 years of age) was studied. Patients presenting congestive heart failure, coronary insufficiency, severe valvular heart disease, neurological accident in the last 6 months...

... at rest are mainly influenced by sex and size, but during exercise significant effects of age are apparent. 2 6 1983 20 6 1983 © 1983 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society 1983 age cardiac output exercise heart rate height oxygen intake pulmonary arteriolar...