... with osteoarthritis and four with trauma. We studied the concentration of urocortin in the synovial fluid using RIA, and the expression of urocortin in synovial tissue using immunohistochemistry, mRNA in situ hybridization and reverse transcriptase–PCR (RT-PCR). In addition, we examined the immunolocalization of CRF...

... investigated the levels of mast cell tryptase and histamine and also of eosinophil cationic protein in synovial fluid collected from 31 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 14 with seronegative spondyloarthritis and nine with osteoarthritis. Two RIAs for tryptase were employed: one with monoclonal antibody AA5...

...J. M. Duffy; J. Grimshaw; D. J. S. Guthrie; G. M. McNally; R. A. B. Mollan; P. L. Spedding; J. Trocha-Grimshaw; B. Walker; E. Walsh 1. A 1 H-n.m.r. method was used to measure concentrations of valine, alanine, lactate, acetate, hyaluronan and lipids in synovial fluid obtained, during the normal...

...K. Fairburn; M. Grootveld; R. J. Ward; C. Abiuka; M. Kus; R. B. Williams; P. G. Winyard; D. R. Blake 1. We have determined the antioxidant status of synovial fluid and serum of patients with inflammatory joint disease in terms of the biologically active lipid-soluble antioxidant, α-tocopherol...

... in arthritis. 2. We have quantified nucleosides and bases in synovial fluid and plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography in order to examine whether nucleotide metabolism is increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. 3. At least ten u.v.-absorbing compounds were detected...

...David Rowley; John M. C. Gutteridge; David Blake; Margaret Farrs; Barry Halliwell 1. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA)-reactive material is present in serum and knee joint synovial fluid from rheumatoid patients, consistent with lipid peroxidation occurring in vivo. 2. The amount of TBA-reactive material...

... important. 3. It is further suggested that destruction of ascorbate by oxygen radicals formed by activated phagocytes accounts for the previously reported low concentrations of this compound in the serum and synovial fluid of rheumatoid patients. Clinical Science (1983) 64,649-653 649 Formation of hydroxyl...

...D. R. Blake; A. Blann; P. A. Bacon; M. Farr; J. M. C. Gutteridge; B. Halliwell 1. The protein caeruloplasmin inhibits certain free radical reactions, in part probably due to its ability to oxidize Fe 2+ into Fe 3+ (ferroxidase activity). Since caeruloplasmin is present in synovial fluid from...

...D. R. Blake; N. D. Hall; D. A. Treby; B. Halliwell; J. M. C. Gutteridge 1. On exposure of synovial fluid to superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, generated enzymically or by activated polymorphonuclear leucocytes, hyaluronic acid is depolymerized and the fluid loses its lubricating properties...

...) function of pressure above 9 cm water (the ‘breaking point’ phenomenon). Since pressure increases upon joint flexion, flexion may minimize synovial fluid volume by promoting fluid absorption. 4. The absorption rate was unaffected by ligation of the lymphatic drainage of the joint, but was reduced...

.... The fluorescence in the aqueous methanol phase of the extracts had the characteristics of conjugated Schiff bases. 3. Changes in synovial fluid and synovial fluid extracts in vitro induced by u.v. irradiation, prolonged incubation and the enzymic generation of oxidizing free radicals, with or without admixed...

...R. H. Pryce-Jones; J. Saklatvala; G. C. Wood 1. The cartilage-proteoglycan-degrading activity of synovial fluid cells from rheumatoid patients is primarily due to neutral protease activity; hyaluronidase does not contribute significantly. Evidence for these conclusions is adduced from...