...-induced vascular hyporeactivity, suggesting different signalling pathways between IL-1β and NOS (NO synthase). LPS-induced plasma levels of IL-1β, TNFα (tumour necrosis factor α), IL-10, vascular eNOS (endothelial NOS) and COX2 (cyclo-oxygenase 2) protein expression, as determined by ELISA and Western...

... be activated by FVIIa (activated FVII) and induce ET-1 (endothelin-1) synthesis. In bovine aortic endothelial cells pretreated with TNF (tumour necrosis factor-α) to increase TF expression, FVIIa stimulated ET-1 synthesis via activation of PAR2. Although FX (factor X) alone was inactive, this response...

... approaches are presented together with future prospects for in vivo analysis. The strategic application of these functional approaches is discussed and illustrated by analysis of the role of genetic variation in the tumour necrosis factor promoter region in determining susceptibility to severe malaria...

...William BILSBOROUGH; Gerard O'DRISCOLL; Kim STANTON; Rukshen WEERASOORIYA; Lawrence DEMBO; Roger TAYLOR; Daniel GREEN Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) is a mediator of reactive oxygen species, which are implicated in endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Type II diabetes is associated...

...P. C. TAYLOR; A. M. PETERS; D. M. GLASS; R. N. MAINI The therapeutic effects of a monoclonal antibody against tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) were evaluated objectively in 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis by 111 In-labelled granulocyte imaging before and after treatment, and compared...

... that would distinguish SIRS patients with systemic inflammation from patients without inflammation. The study included 100 acutely ill patients with SIRS. Peripheral blood neutrophil and monocyte CD11b expression, serum interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, tumour necrosis factor-α and C-reactive protein were...

... were also studied. 2. Incubation of PBMCs with interleukin-4 significantly reduced both spontaneous and lipopolysaccharide-induced production of tumour necrosis factor and lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-6 production, demonstrating that the PBMCs from patients with acute and chronic disease...

... of peptides and proteins which are involved in signalling between the cells of the immune system. Cytokines include interleukins (ILs), interferons, colony stimulating factors, tumour necrosis factors (TNFs) and transforming growth factors. A group- ing of three cytokines, IL-I, IL-6 and TNF-a, not only...

... necrosis factor production, plasma interleukin-6 and acute-phase protein concentration and antioxidant vitamins in smokers and non-smokers. 2. Measurement of tumour necrosis factor was conducted in whole blood stimulated with endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide), and interleukin-6 concentrations were measured...

...A. Brouwer; S. G. Parker; H. F. J. Hendriks; L. Gibbons; M. A. Horan 1. The clinicopathological features of endotoxaemia have been ascribed to cytotoxic mediators such as tumour necrosis factor, interleukins and eicosanoids. Macrophages, particularly Kupffer cells, are an important source...

... as an increase in circulating triacylglycerol levels, whereas no changes were observed in glycaemia. 3. Tumour-bearing rats were treated with a polyclonal anti-murine tumour necrosis factor-α antibody or with a non-immune IgG preparation. Control animals were either untreated or received a nonimmune IgG...

... and butter for 4 and 8 weeks on subsequent cytokine production by peritoneal macrophages of rats. 4. Tumour necrosis factor production in response to a lipopolysaccharide stimulus and interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 production in response to a tumour necrosis factor challenge were studied. 5. All fats...

...Felix Stockenhuber; Michaela Keil; Christian Wurnig; Robert W. Kurz; Michael Gottsauner-Wolf; Peter Balcke 1. Serum levels of erythropoietin and the immune parameters tumour necrosis factor-α, soluble interleukin-2 receptor, interleukin-2, interleukin-6 and interferon-γ were measured in patients...

...U. Süttmann; O. Selberg; H. Gallati; J. Ockenga; H. Deicher; M. J. Müller 1. Increased release of tumour necrosis factor is thought to contribute to human-immunodeficiency-virus-associated wasting syndrome. Elevated serum concentrations of tumour necrosis factor have, however, mainly been found...

...J. F. Doherty; M. H. N. Golden; D. G. Remick; G. E. Griffin 1. Cytokine production in vitro was assessed in 16 malnourished children, before and after nutritional recovery. 2. Tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 were measured in whole blood after lipopolysaccharide stimulation. 3. The total...

...Tsukasa Nakamura; Isao Ebihara; Mitsumine Fukui; Toshimasa Takahashi; Yasuhiko Tomino; Hikaru Koide 1. We determined glomerular and medullary tumour necrosis factor-α mRNA levels in acute puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis on days 0, 8 and 20. 2. Tumour necrosis factor-α mRNA levels were increased...

...P. Jeremy McLaughlin; Atsushi Alkawa; Helen M. Davies; Richard G. Ward; Ali Bakran; Robert A. Sells; Peter M. Johnson 1. Uromodulin, an immunosuppressive glycoprotein found in urine, is a high-affinity binding ligand for certain cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor. 2. Its occurrence...

...Rhys D. Evans; Vera Ilic; Dermot H. Williamson 1. Administration of tumour necrosis factor (cachectin) and of interleukin-1-α increased the plasma level of non-esterified fatty acids in fed rats, and in the case of interleukin-1-α the blood glycerol level was also increased, suggesting stimulation...

... immunodeficiency syndrome fasting glucose lipolysis non-esterified fatty acids triacylglycerols tumour necrosis factor 29 10 1990 21 11 1990 © 1991 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society 1991 Clinical Science (1991) 80,359-365 359 Basal fuel homoeostasis...

...David C. Bibby; Robert F. Grimble 1. The primary aim of the study was to determine whether the stimulatory effect of tumour necrosis factor-α and endotoxin on hypothalamic prostaglandin E 2 production was influenced by dietary fats containing different amounts of linoleic acid. Rats received diets...

...%. Preincubation of control subjects' neutrophils with plasma from emphysematous patients had no effect on fibronectin digestion. 2. Tumour necrosis factor increased fibronectin digestion in a dose-dependent manner when the cytokine was added to the adherent cells but not when preincubated...

...J. R. Weinberg; D. J. M. Wright; A. Guz 1. The cardiovascular effects of intravenous injections of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) have been investigated in the conscious rabbit. They have been compared with the effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) because both IL-1...